> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://dragonwingdocs.qualcomm.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Wi-Fi 和蓝牙

Qualcomm Dragonwing IQ-8275 EVK 通过 M.2 接口上的 **NFA765A** 模块(WCN6856 NSP288 芯片)提供集成的 Wi-Fi 和蓝牙连接。

## 规格

### Wi-Fi

| 特性            | 规格                      |
| ------------- | ----------------------- |
| **标准**        | Wi-Fi 6E (802.11ax)     |
| **频段**        | 2.4 GHz、5 GHz、6 GHz(三频) |
| **峰值 PHY 速率** | 2.9 Gbps(1K QAM)        |
| **工作方式**      | 双频并发(DBS)、STA 和 AP 模式   |
| **驱动**        | ath11k                  |

### 蓝牙

| 特性         | 规格                  |
| ---------- | ------------------- |
| **标准**     | 蓝牙核心规范 v5.2         |
| **BLE 速率** | 最高 2 Mbps           |
| **长距离**    | 500 Kbps 和 125 Kbps |
| **协议栈**    | BlueZ               |

## 硬件设置

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/qualcomm-prod/GfyA_U32cnx0UaZ3/Linux/images/peripheral-interfaces/IQ9075_hw_connection_diagram.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=GfyA_U32cnx0UaZ3&q=85&s=ba95dd76e1458d724db2cc1a4eca19ea" width="1613" height="1042" data-path="Linux/images/peripheral-interfaces/IQ9075_hw_connection_diagram.png" />

<Steps>
  <Step title="安装 Wi-Fi 模块">
    以 30 度角将 NFA765A 模块插入 M.2 插槽,压平后用随附的螺丝固定。
  </Step>

  <Step title="连接天线">
    * **ANT0(2.4G)** — Wi-Fi 与蓝牙共用
    * **ANT1(5G/6G)** — 仅用于 Wi-Fi 5 GHz 和 6 GHz
  </Step>

  <Step title="连接 UART 调试线缆">
    将 UART 线缆连接到调试端口,并记下分配的 COM 端口或 `/dev/ttyUSB` 设备。
  </Step>

  <Step title="连接电源并启动">
    上电并通过 UART 控制台观察启动过程。默认登录:`ubuntu` / `ubuntu`。
  </Step>
</Steps>

## 架构

### Wi-Fi 软件架构

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/qualcomm-prod/jy6NQT2Y7J_sAxdX/Linux/images/peripheral-interfaces/wifi_software_architecture.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=jy6NQT2Y7J_sAxdX&q=85&s=a822b35a7aaa291bac80442330fd895b" width="585" height="766" data-path="Linux/images/peripheral-interfaces/wifi_software_architecture.png" />

| 组件                 | 说明                          |
| ------------------ | --------------------------- |
| **hostapd**        | 接入点和认证服务器(WPA/WPA2/WPA3)    |
| **cfg80211**       | 无线设备配置管理                    |
| **mac80211**       | 开源 WLAN 协议实现                |
| **ath11k MAC 接口**  | mac80211 与底层 ath11k 各层之间的接口 |
| **ath11k 控制/数据通路** | 扫描、认证、关联;数据流量管理             |
| **WMI/HTT**        | 主机驱动与固件之间的高层协议              |

### 蓝牙软件架构

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/qualcomm-prod/Bh7DlgudKfjY_3Wf/Linux/images/peripheral-interfaces/bluetooth_sw_architecture.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=Bh7DlgudKfjY_3Wf&q=85&s=9ab14ab87a94b9c0e66f7e821c8547d8" width="922" height="913" data-path="Linux/images/peripheral-interfaces/bluetooth_sw_architecture.png" />

| 组件                 | 说明                      |
| ------------------ | ----------------------- |
| **bluetoothd**     | 带 D-Bus 接口的核心蓝牙守护进程     |
| **bluetoothctl**   | 用于蓝牙功能测试的 CLI 工具        |
| **HCI Core**       | 在用户空间和驱动之间发送/接收 HCI 命令  |
| **L2CAP**          | 将大数据包拆分为帧;处理 QoS        |
| **Qualcomm BT 驱动** | GPIO 配置、调压器、补丁和 NV 数据下载 |

## 验证组件

### Wi-Fi

```bash theme={null}
# Check driver
lsmod | grep ath11k

# Check interface
iw dev

# Check firmware
ls -la /lib/firmware/ath11k/
```

### 蓝牙

```bash theme={null}
# Check driver
lsmod | grep bt

# Check HCI device
hciconfig

# Check firmware
ls -la /lib/firmware/qca/

# Check BlueZ daemon
systemctl status bluetooth
```

## Wi-Fi 配置

### Station 模式

```bash theme={null}
# Scan for networks
nmcli dev wifi list

# Connect
nmcli dev wifi connect <SSID> password <password>

# Verify connection
nmcli general status
nmcli dev status
ip addr show wlp1s0
ping 8.8.8.8
```

### 设置 MAC 地址(可选)

<Warning>
  手动设置的 MAC 地址仅在下次重启前有效,之后会恢复为出厂 OTP 地址。
</Warning>

```bash theme={null}
ip link set wlp1s0 down
ip link set wlp1s0 hw ether XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
ip link set wlp1s0 up
```

### 热点模式

<Steps>
  <Step title="添加 SoftAP 接口">
    ```bash theme={null}
    iw dev wlp1s0 interface add wlan1 type managed
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="配置并启动 hostapd">
    ```bash theme={null}
    # Pull default config (optional)
    scp -r ubuntu@<IP>:/etc/hostapd.conf .

    #Update the hostapd.conf file with the SSID, password, 
    #Interface name and relevant configurations & push the file.
    scp -r hostapd.conf root@<IP_address>:/etc

    # Start the hostapd process:
    hostapd -B /etc/hostapd.conf
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="启动 DHCP 服务器">
    ```bash theme={null}
    #Create bridge interface
    brctl addbr br0

    #Add wlan1 to bridge
    brctl addif br0 wlan1

    #Assign IP address to bridge
    ip addr add 192.168.225.1/24 dev br0

    #Restart dnsmasq
    killall dnsmasq

    #Start dnsmasq with DHCP configuration
    dnsmasq --conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq.conf --dhcp-leasefile=/var/run/dnsmasq.leases \
      --addn-hosts=/data/hosts --pid-file=/var/run/dnsmasq.pid -i br0 -I lo -z \
      --dhcp-range=br0,192.168.225.20,192.168.225.60,255.255.255.0,43200 --dhcp-hostsfile=/data/dhcp_hosts \
      --dhcp-option-force=6,192.168.225.1 --dhcp-script=/bin/dnsmasq_script.sh 
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="监控连接">
    ```bash theme={null}
    #To establish a connection with the *hostapd_cli*
    hostapd_cli -i wlan1 -p /var/run/hostapd
    ```
  </Step>
</Steps>

**停止热点:**

```bash theme={null}
#To stop the hostapd process
killall hostapd

#To disable the interface
ip link set wlan1 down

#To delete *ctrl_interface*
rm -rf /var/run/hostapd/wlan1
```

## 蓝牙配置

### 设置蓝牙 MAC 地址(可选)

<Warning>
  手动设置的蓝牙 MAC 地址在重启后不会保留。
</Warning>

```bash theme={null}
hciconfig hci0 down
btmgmt public-addr 22:22:9B:2C:79:1E
hciconfig
```

### GAP 操作

<img src="https://mintcdn.com/qualcomm-prod/T1k4QQ7G3l_dE-rX/Linux/images/peripheral-interfaces/Bluetooth_GAP_sequence_diagram.png?fit=max&auto=format&n=T1k4QQ7G3l_dE-rX&q=85&s=77a334f37cf07f6c12a8eebe25936fbc" width="1020" height="956" data-path="Linux/images/peripheral-interfaces/Bluetooth_GAP_sequence_diagram.png" />

```bash theme={null}
# Launch bluetoothctl
bluetoothctl

# Enable Bluetooth
power on

# Enable discoverable mode
discoverable on

# Scan for devices
scan on

# Pair with device
pair F8:7D:76:9D:9B:6B

# List paired devices
devices

# Disable Bluetooth
power off
```

### 支持的蓝牙 Profile

| Profile | 角色                   | 版本   |
| ------- | -------------------- | ---- |
| GAP     | Central 和 Peripheral | —    |
| SPP     | Client 和 Server      | v1.2 |
| GATT    | Central 和 Peripheral | —    |
| OPP     | Client 和 Server      | v1.2 |
| FTP     | Client 和 Server      | v1.2 |
| PBAP    | Client 和 Server      | v1.1 |
| MAP     | Client 和 Server      | v1.2 |

<Note>
  WCN6750/WCN6856 上支持 A2DP、AVRCP 和 HFP。
</Note>

## 调试

```bash theme={null}
# Wi-Fi
echo "module ath11k +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control
dmesg > /tmp/dmesg.txt

# Bluetooth
#Enable BlueZ logs
vi /lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service

#Append -d option to the following line in the file and save 
ExecStart=/usr/libexec/bluetooth/bluetoothd -d

#Restart Bluetooth
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart bluetooth

# Collect HCI snoop log 
hcidump --save-dump=/var/log/snoop.log 
```

## 故障排除

<AccordionGroup>
  <Accordion title="找不到 wlp1s0 接口">
    ```bash theme={null}
    dmesg | grep ath11k
    ls /lib/firmware/ath11k/
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="无法连接到 AP">
    验证 SSID 和密码;检查 AP 安全设置。
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="蓝牙无法开启">
    ```bash theme={null}
    dmesg | grep -i bluetooth
    ls /lib/firmware/qca/
    ```
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="配对失败">
    确保两台设备确认相同的配对码;重试配对。
  </Accordion>

  <Accordion title="音频 Profile 不工作">
    A2DP 和 HFP 需要 WCN6750/WCN6856 — 请确认 Profile 支持情况。
  </Accordion>
</AccordionGroup>

## 资源

* [Wi-Fi 联盟](https://www.wi-fi.org/certification)
* [蓝牙 SIG](https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/)
* [Linux Wireless](https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/)
* [ath11k](https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/ath11k)
* [hostapd 文档](https://w1.fi/cgit/hostap/plain/hostapd/README)