WiFi and Bluetooth - Qualcomm Dragonwing Documentation

The Qualcomm Dragonwing IQ-9075 EVK features integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity via the NFA765A module (WCN6856 NSP288 chip) over an M.2 interface.

Specifications

Wi-Fi

Feature	Specification
Standard	Wi-Fi 6E (802.11ax)
Bands	2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz (tri-band)
Peak PHY Rate	2.9 Gbps with 1K QAM
Operation	Dual Band Simultaneous (DBS), STA and AP modes
Driver	ath11k

Bluetooth

Feature	Specification
Standard	Bluetooth Core Specification v5.2
BLE Speed	Up to 2 Mbps
Long Range	500 Kbps and 125 Kbps
Stack	BlueZ

Hardware Setup

Install Wi-Fi Module

Insert the NFA765A module into the M.2 slot at a 30-degree angle, press flat, and secure with the provided screw.

Connect Antennas

ANT0 — supports Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz; shared with Bluetooth when operating at 2.4 GHz
ANT1 — supports Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz

Connect UART Debug Cable

Connect the UART cable to the debug port and note the assigned COM port or /dev/ttyUSB device.

Connect Power and Boot

Power on and observe the boot sequence via UART console. Default login: ubuntu / ubuntu.

Architecture

Wi-Fi Software Architecture

Component	Description
hostapd	Access point and authentication server (WPA/WPA2/WPA3)
cfg80211	Wireless device configuration management
mac80211	Open-source WLAN protocol implementation
ath11k MAC Interface	Interface between mac80211 and lower ath11k layers
ath11k Control/Data Path	Scan, auth, association; data traffic management
WMI/HTT	High-level protocols between host driver and firmware

Bluetooth Software Architecture

Component	Description
bluetoothd	Central Bluetooth daemon with D-Bus interfaces
bluetoothctl	CLI tool for Bluetooth functionality testing
HCI Core	Sends/receives HCI commands between user space and driver
L2CAP	Breaks large packets into frames; handles QoS
Qualcomm BT Driver	GPIO config, regulators, patch and NV data download

Verify Components

Wi-Fi

# Check driver
lsmod | grep ath11k

# Check interface
iw dev

# Check firmware
ls -la /lib/firmware/ath11k/

Bluetooth

# Check driver
sudo lsmod | grep bt

# Check HCI device
hciconfig

# Check firmware
ls -la /lib/firmware/qca/

# Check BlueZ daemon
systemctl status bluetooth

Wi-Fi Configuration

Station Mode

# Scan for networks
nmcli dev wifi list

# Connect
nmcli dev wifi connect <SSID> password <password>

# Verify connection
nmcli general status
nmcli dev status
ifconfig wlp1s0
ping 8.8.8.8

Set MAC Address (Optional)

The manually set MAC address persists only until the next reboot, then reverts to the factory OTP address.

ifconfig wlp1s0 down
ifconfig wlp1s0 hw ether XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
ifconfig wlp1s0 up

Hotspot Mode

Add SoftAP interface

iw dev wlp1s0 interface add wlp1s0 type managed

Configure and start hostapd

# Pull default config (optional)
scp -r ubuntu@<IP>:/etc/hostapd.conf .
# Edit and push back, then start:
hostapd -B /etc/hostapd.conf

Start DHCP server

brctl addbr br0
brctl addif br0 wlp1s0
ifconfig br0 192.168.225.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
dnsmasq --conf-file=/etc/dnsmasq.conf \
  --dhcp-range=br0,192.168.225.20,192.168.225.60,255.255.255.0,43200

Monitor connections

hostapd_cli -i wlp1s0 -p /var/run/hostapd

Stop hotspot:

killall hostapd
ifconfig wlp1s0 down
rm -rf /var/run/hostapd/wlp1s0

Configure Link Speed

sudo ethtool -s end0 autoneg on speed 1000 duplex full

Bluetooth Configuration

Set Bluetooth MAC Address (Optional)

A manually set Bluetooth MAC address does not persist across reboots.

# Power off Bluetooth first
hciconfig hci0 down

# Set address
btmgmt public-addr 22:22:9B:2C:79:1E

# Verify
hciconfig

GAP Operations

# Launch bluetoothctl
bluetoothctl

# Enable Bluetooth
power on

# Scan for devices
scan on

# Pair with device
pair F8:7D:76:9D:9B:6B

# List paired devices
devices

# Enable discoverable mode
discoverable on

# Disable Bluetooth
power off

Supported Bluetooth Profiles

Profile	Role	Version
GAP	Central and Peripheral	—
SPP	Client and Server	v1.2
GATT	Central and Peripheral	—
OPP	Client and Server	v1.2
FTP	Client and Server	v1.2
PBAP	Client and Server	v1.1
MAP	Client and Server	v1.2

A2DP, AVRCP, and HFP are supported on WCN6750/WCN6856.

Debugging

Wi-Fi Debug Logs

# Enable logging
echo "module ath11k +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control
echo "module ath11k_pci +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control

# Collect logs
dmesg > /tmp/dmesg.txt
scp ubuntu@<IP>:/tmp/dmesg.txt .

# Collect firmware dump (on crash)
cat /sys/class/devcoredump/devcd*/data > /tmp/firmware_dump.bin

Bluetooth Debug Logs

# Enable HCI snoop log (edit bluetooth.service)
# ExecStart=.../bluetoothd --noplugin=* --debug

# HCI snoop log location
/var/log/btsnoop_hci.log

# Enable kernel debug
echo "module bluetooth +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control
echo "module btqca +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control
echo "module hci_uart +p" > /sys/kernel/debug/dynamic_debug/control

dmesg > /tmp/bt_dmesg.txt

Troubleshooting

wlp1s0 Interface Not Found

Cause: Driver not loaded or firmware missing.

dmesg | grep ath11k
ls /lib/firmware/ath11k/

Cannot Connect to AP

Cause: Wrong password or security mismatch.Verify SSID and password; check AP security settings.

No IP Address Assigned

Cause: DHCP server issue.Check DHCP server on AP; manually assign static IP for testing.

Hotspot Clients Cannot Connect

Cause: hostapd configuration error.Verify hostapd.conf settings; check channel and security parameters.

Bluetooth Not Powering On

Cause: Driver not loaded or firmware missing.

dmesg | grep -i bluetooth
ls /lib/firmware/qca/

Pairing Fails

Cause: Passkey mismatch or timeout.Ensure both devices confirm the same passkey; retry pairing.

Audio Profile Not Working

Cause: A2DP/HFP not supported on NFA765A.Verify profile support — A2DP and HFP require WCN6750/WCN6856.

Connection Drops

Cause: 2.4 GHz interference or power management.Disable power management; check for 2.4 GHz interference from Wi-Fi.

Quick Start Checklists

Wi-Fi Station Mode

NFA765A module installed in M.2 slot
Antennas connected (ANT0 and ANT1)
Firmware files present (/lib/firmware/ath11k/)
wlp1s0 interface present (iw dev)
Connected to AP (nmcli dev wifi connect ...)
IP address assigned (ifconfig wlp1s0)
Internet reachable (ping 8.8.8.8)

Bluetooth

NFA765A chipset initialized
Bluetooth firmware present (/lib/firmware/qca/)
hci0 controller present (hciconfig)
bluetoothd running (systemctl status bluetooth)
bluetoothctl available
Bluetooth powered on (power on)
Scan and pair successful

Resources

⌘I

​Specifications

​Wi-Fi

​Bluetooth

​Hardware Setup

​Architecture

​Wi-Fi Software Architecture

​Bluetooth Software Architecture

​Verify Components

​Wi-Fi

​Bluetooth

​Wi-Fi Configuration

​Station Mode

​Set MAC Address (Optional)

​Hotspot Mode

​Configure Link Speed

​Bluetooth Configuration

​Set Bluetooth MAC Address (Optional)

​GAP Operations

​Supported Bluetooth Profiles

​Debugging

​Wi-Fi Debug Logs

​Bluetooth Debug Logs

​Troubleshooting

​Quick Start Checklists

​Resources

Specifications

Wi-Fi

Bluetooth

Hardware Setup

Architecture

Wi-Fi Software Architecture

Bluetooth Software Architecture

Verify Components

Wi-Fi

Bluetooth

Wi-Fi Configuration

Station Mode

Set MAC Address (Optional)

Hotspot Mode

Configure Link Speed

Bluetooth Configuration

Set Bluetooth MAC Address (Optional)

GAP Operations

Supported Bluetooth Profiles

Debugging

Wi-Fi Debug Logs

Bluetooth Debug Logs

Troubleshooting

Quick Start Checklists

Resources